Kirchhoff's law problem solving

Question from Physics for the IB Diploma page 228 number 53.

Determine the magnitudes and directions of the currents in the circuit  shown below









Answer:














Kirchhoff's first law: "Total current in to a node/junction = total current leave the node/junction."
I3 = I1 + I2     ................. (1)

Kirchhoff's second law: "Total emf = total potential differences."
Loop kiri
4 = 3I3 + 2I1  ................ (2)

Loop kanan
6 = 4I2 + 3I3   ............... (3)

Substitute (1) to (2)
4 = 3I3 + 2I1 = 3(I1 + I2) + 2I1 = 3I1 + 3I2 + 2I1
4 = 5I1 + 3I2   ............... (4)

Substitute (1) to (3)
6 = 4I2 + 3I3 = 4I2 + 3(I1 + I2) = 4I2 + 3I1 +3I2
6 = 3I1 + 7I2   ............... (5)


Eliminate (4) with (5)
4 = 5I1 + 3I2  (x3)
6 = 3I1 + 7I2  (x5)
----------------------

12 = 15I1 + 9I2
30 = 15I1 + 35I2    _
---------------------
-18 = -26I2
I2  = 18 : 26 = 0.69 A (I2 direction to the left)

Substitute I2 value to (3)
6 = 4(0.69) + 3I3
6 = 2.76 + 3I3
6 - 2.76 = 3I3
3.24 = 3I3
I3 = 3.24 : 3 = 1.08 A (I3 direction upwards)

Substitute I2 and I3 values to (1)
I3 = I1 + I2
1.08 = I1 + 0.69
I1 = 1.08 - 0.69 = 0.39 A (I1 direction to the right)

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